How Major Depressive Disorder Is Treated

How Major Depressive Disorder Is Treated Depression Treatment Print What Effects Will Depression Treatment Have? By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 06, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 11, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Lucy Lambriex / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand How to Start Treatment After Diagnosis Is Treatment Working? Changes to Expect When to Ask for Additional Help Other Steps to Take View All Depression is a serious condition that can impact many areas of a person’s life. Because there are many factors that can contribute to major depressive disorder, treatment approaches can vary, so there is no single way to treat it. Because there is no “one-size-fits-all” treatment, your individual experience may vary. However, there are certain things that you can expect in terms of how you will begin treatment, the approaches your doctor might recommend, and the results you might experience. Here are some of the effects you can expect during major depressive disorder treatment. How to Start Treatment Treatment usually begins when you see a doctor concerning possible symptoms of depression that you may be experiencing. Such symptoms can include changes in: Mood (hopelessness, apathy, sadness)Behaviors (irritability, crying, isolation)Cognition (poor concentration, trouble focusing, negative thoughts)Sleep (insomnia, excessive sleepiness, difficulty falling or staying asleep) Your primary care physician may diagnose you and or refer you to a psychiatrist or other mental health professional. Your doctor will ask you questions about your symptoms including what type of symptoms you have, how long you have had them, and how severe they are. In addition to assessing your symptoms, your doctor will also explore possible physiological factors that might contribute to depression. Survey findings by the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) found that 17.3 million U.S. adults (or about 7.1 percent of the population) experienced depression in 2017. Signs That You Might Be Depressed What Happens After You Are Diagnosed After you are diagnosed with major depressive disorder, there are a few different things that can happen. The right one for you may depend upon your symptoms and what your doctor thinks is causing your depression. Ruling Out Medical Causes Your doctor may start by addressing any underlying conditions that might be a factor. Chronic illnesses, thyroid conditions, certain medications, and substance use can cause or contribute to symptoms of depression. Hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid, can be a common medical cause that contributes to depression, particularly among women. If blood tests reveal that you have hypothyroidism, your doctor may prescribe medications designed to treat the thyroid condition, which may help alleviate depressive symptoms. Once any underlying conditions have been addressed, your doctor may then: Prescribe an antidepressant. Antidepressants work by balancing the chemicals in your brain called neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters, which include serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, have an effect on emotions and moods.Refer you to a mental health professional such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or counselor. Psychotherapy for depression can include a range of techniques including talk therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and individual counseling. Talk therapy involves discussing issues that contribute to your depression symptoms. Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on the underlying negative thought patterns that contribute to symptoms of depression. Depression Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Research has found that psychotherapy is about as effective as antidepressants in treating depression. However, the effects of antidepressants stop fairly quickly once use is discontinued. The effects of psychotherapy, on the other hand, are usually longer-lasting. In many cases, your treatment will involve a combination of antidepressant medication and psychotherapy. How to Know If Treatment Is Working Once you begin treatment, you may notice some effects fairly quickly, although it may take time to find the medication and treatment approach that is right for you. What to Expect From Antidepressants If you are taking antidepressants, you may begin to experience some benefits fairly quickly, but most people will not begin feeling the full impact until several weeks after beginning the medication. In addition to treating your symptoms of depression, however, you may also experience side effects, which can vary depending upon the type of antidepressant you are taking. Some common side effects of antidepressants include dry mouth, sexual side effects, nausea, insomnia, restlessness, weight gain, headaches, and constipation. While side effects such as these are usually manageable, you should still inform your doctor if you do experience any of these. Not all antidepressants work for everyone, and you may need to adjust your dose or even try a different type of medication. It may seem frustrating or slow-going at times, but carefully monitoring your progress and symptoms can help ensure that you are receiving the best treatment for your needs. If you do not begin to notice any positive changes in your symptoms after six to eight weeks, talk to your doctor. In most cases, your doctor or psychiatrist may want you to continue to take a specific medication for a while in order for it to reach its full effectiveness. However, if you are not seeing any results, it is worth consulting your doctor to discuss changing your dose, switching antidepressants, or trying another approach. When Do Antidepressants Start Working? Anyone taking antidepressants should be monitored carefully, particularly during the first few weeks of treatment. People may sometimes experience a worsening of symptoms or may start to have suicidal thoughts. Never stop taking your antidepressant without talking to your doctor. Suddenly stopping your medication can make your symptoms worse, so it is important to develop a plan with your doctor to gradually lower your dosage and allow your body to readjust. What to Expect From Psychotherapy Psychotherapy focuses on helping people understand the thoughts, behaviors, and emotions that can contribute to symptoms of major depressive disorder. Some of the treatment effects you may experience when you are undergoing psychotherapy depend largely on your individual symptoms and the specific techniques that are used. How It Helps Psychotherapy, no matter what approach is used, can help you get a better handle on some of the factors that might be contributing to your feelings of depression. A big part of this includes reframing negative thinking, improving your relationships, managing stress, and looking for new ways of handling lifes problems. You will likely begin a regular treatment schedule that involves meeting with your therapist once or twice a week, depending on your needs. Just as with medication-based approaches to depression treatment, psychotherapy takes time. However, your therapist can also help you develop new coping skills that will help you to manage your stress, deal with negative thoughts and emotions, and manage your fears. Such skills can be particularly helpful as you wait for antidepressant treatments to begin working. You may not start to feel any significant positive results from psychotherapy for several weeks and treatment may last for several months or even a year or longer. You will work with your therapist to determine when you feel that it is time to stop treatment. Psychotherapy alone is not recommended for people with severe depression. Symptoms of severe depression include thoughts or plans of suicide, psychosis, impairments in basic functioning, and poor judgment that may result in self-harm. Patients with such symptoms should see a psychiatrist and may require hospitalization. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs of 2020 Changes to Expect Changes you can expect to experience during major depressive disorder treatment include: Improvements in moodFewer negative thoughtsMore motivationFeeling better able to handle stressImproved ability to cope with daily livingDecreases in feelings of sadness or hopelessnessLess irritabilityMore interest in activities you previously enjoyedImproved sleepLess anxiety Even if you are noticing improvements in your depressive symptoms, it is important to keep an eye out for signs of relapse. Talk to your doctor or therapist if you notice that your depressive symptoms are returning or worsening at any point during your treatment. When to Ask for Additional Help If you do not notice any improvement in your symptoms or they seem to be getting worse, talk to your doctor or psychiatrist. There are a number of other options available for treatment-resistant depression including: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): The use of ECT has been a source of controversy within psychiatry, but it has been shown to be effective in the treatment of depression. In this process, patients are placed under general anesthesia. Then, a small and painless electrical current is delivered to the brain. This causes a brief seizure which can help relieve depressive symptoms. Patients typically receive ECT in sessions over a period of a few weeks. People may feel relief from their symptoms fairly quickly, but they may also experience side effects including memory loss, confusion, headaches, and nausea.Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS): This involves a surgical procedure to implant a device that sends electrical signals to the vagus nerve as a way to improve mood.Deep brain stimulation (DBS): DBS involves implanting electrodes in areas of the brain associated with emotion. Side effects and risks include bleeding, nausea, breathing problems, seizures, and stroke.Repetitive transcranial magn etic stimulation (rTMS): This involves placing a device against the skull to transmit magnetic waves into specific areas of the brain. Patients remain awake during these sessions and do not experience any pain. ECT and other types of brain-stimulation are typically only used for patients who have not responded to medication and psychotherapy.   What Is Treatment-Resistant Depression? Other Steps You Can Take Making lifestyle changes is an important part of treating major depressive disorder. There are a number of things that you can do to help supplement your treatment and find relief. Some of these changes can help alleviate symptoms in the short-term and aid in your long-term recovery. Exercise May Be Helpful Research has shown that regular physical activity can not only help prevent depression, it can also help alleviate symptoms. The idea that exercise may actually help treat depressive symptoms has been the subject of debate, but some evidence suggests that the beneficial effects may have actually been underestimated.   A meta-analysis of the research concluded that exercise has a large and significant beneficial effect on depression (including major depressive disorder), supporting the idea that exercise is an evidence-based depression treatment. Stick to a Schedule It can also be helpful to resume some of the activities that you enjoyed before you began experiencing symptoms of depression. Depression can not only cause you to lose interest in the things you used to be passionate about; it can also make it difficult to stay on top of daily chores like doing the dishes or laundry. Seeing these things pile up makes it even more difficult to feel upbeat and motivated. So when you are trying to manage your symptoms, focus on doing small things each day that will help restore your routines and sense of normalcy. If you have fallen out of a routine, create some sort of schedule that provides structure in your day. Get Enough Sleep Insomnia and other sleep disturbances are common symptoms of depression. Antidepressants may help with those symptoms, but you may also want to try relaxation techniques or have your doctor prescribe a medication to help with your sleeping difficulties. Research has shown that sleep disturbances are a risk factor for depression. Insomnia also increases the duration and severity of depression and makes relapse more likely. A Word From Verywell In addition to doing these things, it is important that you always take your medicine as prescribed, communicate with your doctor or therapist about how you are feeling, and give your treatment time to work. Major depressive disorder is a serious condition, but it is treatable. It may take some time to find the right approach for your needs, but understanding what you can expect in terms of treatment effects can help you better recognize how your treatment is working. Why Its Important to Seek Treatment for Depression

Types and Research of Paragraphs - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 330 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2018/12/15 Category Literature Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Paragraphs are a combination of multiple grouped sentences focusing on a single subject. The first sentence should not be detailed but relevant to the subject topic. It is the foundation of every topic in forms of persuasiveness, narration or creative. Paragraphs are built on four elements this comprises of unity, coherence, order, and completeness. The Fender Bender paragraphs are aligned in a systematic order in consideration of the characteristics required. The objective of this paper is to learn the construction structure of paragraph in Fender Bender novel. The first sentence does meet the requirement of the structural elements of a paragraph. It begins with creating the attention of the topic related to the subject matter it attributes. It is not detailed as the laws requirements. The quotes are based on the unity and coherence of storylines. They are created from the next occurrence of events that are to take place. The quote analysis offers the reader interactive environments by drawing their attention. The attitude of the writer can be expressed in the writing skills of the motion of the sentences. The information given by every quote can portray the completeness and order in the paragraphs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Types and Research of Paragraphs" essay for you Create order The last sentences give the connection of the completeness of a paragraph. For example, the above cases have been in transition with the next paragraph. The unification of the sentences offered is drawn from the laying of the information from one paragraph to the next. The fluid pose is created by the formation of the concurrent of the events explanation. The movement from one event to the other creates a good transition. The writer uses very performing compound and complex sentences in the engagement of interesting the reader. The tone of the writer impersonating in the story creates the paragraphs in proper design. The writer follows the required standards of English in writing. Therefore creating no room for awkwardness in the writing structure and hence finds no reason for rewriting some of the sentences.

Gender Roles Of Disney Films - 1598 Words

When you think of Disney, you think about how everyone lives their happy ever after fairytale. Most Americans grew up with Disney and have a strong connection with the brand. Yet, there is a lot more to a classic Disney film, then what the average American sees the first time viewing. Gender roles, also known as gender stereotypes, are things to be considered appropriate to certain men or women and we are constantly surrounded by them without even realizing it. Cultural gender roles in America have changed over time, from when Disney animated films were first released. Women were only housewives at those times, they were responsible for cooking, cleaning, taking care of their kids, and other housework while the husband took care of†¦show more content†¦Before she met the prince she had no individual power, as she was constantly being ordered around by her stepmother and stepsisters. Disney portrays the many stereotypical ideas of women being enslaved to a life of domesticati on in just this film Cinderella is commanded to do domestic work, and she is willingly accepted to do the work instead of complaining and even sings as smiles as she does the work. Even though this is also seen as a negative thing in the film, Cinderella is always obedient and never stands up for herself despite knowing the position she is in is unfair for her. At the end of the storyline Cinderella us released by the end of the storyline, but only because the prince saves her. Cinderella is portrayed as having no strength as a woman until a man comes along and helps her. Disney presents women as inferior, for they need a man to be successful in life. In the first Disney animated film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, many of the same stereotypes that are presented in the film Cinderella where first presented in this film as well. In the film, Snow White is taking refuge in the forest where she lives with seven dwarfs to hide from her stepmother who also happens to be the evil Queen . The queen is jealous of Snow White because Snow Whites fairness surpasses the Queens. Snow White ended up eating a poisoned apple which makes her fall in a curse and is later on saved by aShow MoreRelatedEssay on How Do Gender Roles Get Portrayed in Disney Films?702 Words   |  3 PagesA. Definition of Gender Roles A gender role consists of characteristics that refer to a set of social and behavioral norms that are widely considered appropriate for either males or females. Gender roles are different throughout society and cultures. One gains gender roles unconsciously, consciously, or genetically due to cultural rules (Princeton). B. How film characters are seen by the audience Many people view women as weak in hopeless and males as strong and heroic in films. Male characters areRead MoreThe Success Of The Multi Million Dollar Disney Corporation Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesmulti-million dollar Disney corporation is undeniable. Whether it be through films, books, merchandise, or television advertisements, Disney has considerable impact on children’s lives. One of Disney’s primary influences has been on the construction of children’s perception on gender roles and gender expectations. The influence Disney has on young children has been bought to the attention of critics, who argue these films produce unhealthy, concealed messages to the most vulnerable viewers. Disney is aimed atRead MoreFilm Production Of Disney Films1737 Words   |  7 PagesDisney Company is among the most significant film companies in the world. For a long time, Disney film has provided great and interesting films for children. These films aim at providing educat ion to children on various subjects affecting the society. The production of these films has enabled the Disney Company to gain international recognition as a significant film production company for children’s films. Most of the films produced by the company displays high levels of literary production. In additionRead MoreMulan Essay1541 Words   |  7 PagesThe representation of women in Disney films has indefinitely transformed throughout the decades due to Disney’s need to gradually create conventional views and ideas of women. When comparing the 1998 Disney film, Mulan, and the 2016 Disney film, Moana, people may suggest that both are progressive feminist films that accurately depict their individual cultures, while uplifting the women in these films. However, with further analysis, Mulan consists of not only sexist views towards women, but alsoRead MoreAnalysis Of Disney Films Mulan And Aladdin1393 Words   |  6 PagesStarting its production of films in the ear ly 20th century, Disney has become a very popular company targeting an audience of children and adults. By the 21st century, its films has gone through many changes according to trends during those periods of time, especially with relationships between males and females. Men has always been prominent compared to the women in the movies. Women were displayed to be very dependent on male characters to come rescue them, no signs of independency are apparentRead MoreGender Role Portrayal And The Disney Princesses Essay1656 Words   |  7 Pageswatching Disneys films idolizing many of the characters as it was the biggest not to mention still is the most popular form of family entertainment. But by taking a closer look into these films we begin to realize that the Disney princess line, through their story lines and characters are setting up gender roles for children, essentially educating them on what society deems appropriate for their gender. Many of their movies often portray so me stereotypical representation of gender, consistentlyRead MoreAnalysis Of Disney Princess Films848 Words   |  4 PagesThe Disney princess films are some of the most common in the world today. Because of their popularity, these works speak and evaluate, in significant detail, by various scholars. Numerous people disapprove these films for their seemingly sexist and oppressive gender messages. They find fault with the princesses serving as role models for young girls. Though, when one attentively scrutinizes the movies and compares the individualities of the princesses to the progressive woman of their time, one mayRead MoreMovie Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1697 Words   |  7 PagesThrough Disney animations Walt Disney has cultivated a society driven by stereotypes on gender roles that have restricted the liberties of young girls and boys alike to explore their own individuality. Disney s brilliance transcended beyond his ability to captivate an audience, his true talent resided within his ability to leave a direct impact on his viewers. As the prominent academic Jack Zipes puts it, The power of Disney s fairytale films does not reside in the uniqueness or novelty of theRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Disney s Disney Essay1217 Words   |  5 PagesThe Disney is huge animation company and their films are an enormous part of the entertainment industry in the whole world. They influence all kinds of people, from children to adults. Also, Disney was created over 90 years ago, and till this very day its most entertaining animation company. Throughout period of time, they have played a tremendous role in how society displays gender roles. As Janet Wasko explains: â€Å"Disney provides an opportunity to analyse an entire popular cultural phenomenon fromRead MoreEssay on Informative speech1259 Words   |  6 PagesOUTLINE] The Effects of Disney Films Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the different stereotypes Disney portrayed in their movies. Central Idea/Thesis Statement: Different types of stereotypes in Disney movies effect children’s view on gender roles. INTRODUCTION I. When you wish upon a star; makes no difference who you are†¦. Or does it? If you recognized this classic Disney song, that means you grew up watching Disney during your childhood. II. The Disney movie franchise has been

The debate, which has already turned emotional Free Essays

The national debate on abortion concerns both the legal as well as the moral aspects of the issue. The debate has not only grown provocative but it has also become very divisive as well, effectively polarizing Americans into those who support the practice and those who oppose it. The debate, which has already turned emotional, has devised labels for the two opposing camps. We will write a custom essay sample on The debate, which has already turned emotional or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pro-abortion Americans are referred to as â€Å"anti-life† or â€Å"pro-choice† while those who are against the practice have been called â€Å"pro-life† and â€Å"anti-choice† (Internet Infidels, 2005). In other words, if one goes by these labels, a woman who resorts to abortion is guilty of putting an end to life by exercising her choice. One who is against the practice of abortion, on the other hand, is all for allowing the life of a fetus to continue. It is also the contention of the â€Å"pro-lifers† or the anti-abortion camp that it is the duty of government to prohibit women to end their pregnancy through abortion, thereby illegalizing the practice. Abortion advocates, on the other hand, maintain that women should be given a choice whether to continue or discontinue their pregnancies and that government should not interfere with this choice. Some people also use the terms secularists and atheists to refer to advocates of abortion while most anti-abortion Americans are said to belong to the different Christian denominations in the country. This only goes to show that anti-abortion Americans consider themselves to be God-fearing while viewing those who favor abortion as non-believers (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). Labels notwithstanding, proponents and opponents of abortion have offered their own arguments in support of their positions. While there are those who argue in favor of abortion for the simple reason that they believe it to be their right to choose whether to bring their pregnancy to fruition or discontinue them for their own personal reasons, many pro-abortion Americans favor abortion only under specific circumstances. One situation where pro-choice advocates really insist on abortion is when the pregnancy endangers the life of the woman. According to them, in such a situation, it is better to opt for an early abortion and save the life of the pregnant woman than wait for the fetus to fully develop and risk killing the mother or cause her to suffer from permanent disability because of the pregnancy. Another situation is when the pregnancy is the result of rape and incest. They argue that rape and incest are heinous crimes which produce highly traumatized victims. When these crimes result to pregnancy, the victims are consequently tortured since their pregnancy serve as a constant reminder of their harrowing experience. If abortion is not allowed in such cases and the women ultimately give birth, the lives of both the women and their children would be hell. Still another is when prenatal tests show that the fetus is either malformed that life after birth would only be for a few hours or a few days, or that the child would be so retarded that his or her life would only be one suffering after another. Abortion proponents claim that ending such a pregnancy would be an act of mercy (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). Opponents of abortion, however, have rejected the arguments put forth by its advocates. First, they argue that ending pregnancies resulting from rape and incest is completely immoral. According to them, abortions in such cases amount to â€Å"killing an innocent child because of the crimes of her father.† They do not subscribe to the belief that doing away with the evidence of the crime (the pregnancy) would ultimately mitigate the situation. Instead, they maintain that while criminals should be punished for their crimes, the innocent should be allowed to live. Second, opponents of abortion take exception to the argument that it is the right of the pregnant woman to decide whether to have an abortion or not. According to them, if the pregnant woman believes that she has certain rights, the child that she is carrying also has the right to live (Johansen, 1996). Finally, pro-life advocates maintain that children are God’s gift to man and that their parents are simply their caretakers. Children, therefore, should be allowed to live the life that God had planned for them (D’Silva, 2007). Personally, I believe that abortion is an issue that should be treated on a case to case basis. Although it is generally believed that a fetus is already a form of life, the moment its existence would prove fatal to the mother, abortion should be allowed. My reason is simple: if a pregnancy could kill the mother, then it is better to abort it than risk the life of the mother and possibly that of the child. I am also convinced that even if the pregnancy is the result of rape or incest, such crimes are not enough to punish the innocent by killing the children of rapists and incestuous fathers. Indeed, children should never be punished for the sins of their fathers. References D’Silva, R. (2007). Anti-Abortion Arguments – Reasons Against Abortion. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/antiabortion-arguments-reasons-against-abortion.html Internet Infidels. (2005). On The Issue of Abortion. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/debates/secularist/abortion/index.shtml Johansen, J. (1996). A Summary of Pro-Choice Arguments. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.pregnantpause.org/abort/choicarg.htm Religious Tolerance.org. (2008). Abortion access: All sides of the issue. Retrieved September 12, 2008 from http://www.religioustolerance.org/abortion.htm    How to cite The debate, which has already turned emotional, Papers

Physical Activity by Far Provides the Greatest Demand for Energy free essay sample

Physical activity by far provides the greatest demand for energy. Discuss how the intensity and duration of the exercise period and the relative contributions of the body’s means for energy transfer affect performance. In your answer mention availability of O2, food fuels used, energy threshold points, enzyme control and how the fitness of the participant affect performance. 20 marks Intensity is how hard you work for and duration is the length of time you exercise for. The energy continuum is used to show how the energy systems interact, to provide energy for the resynthesis of ATP and highlights the predominance of each of the 3 energy systems related to duration and intensity of exercise. When we look at high intensity and short duration such as 100m sprinting or 1500m we say the exercise intensity is anaerobic. This is because it takes place without the presence of oxygen. This type of exercise will use ATP/PC and LA systems will be predominant systems. We will write a custom essay sample on Physical Activity by Far Provides the Greatest Demand for Energy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A threshold represents the point at which one energy system is over by another as predominant energy systems to provide the energy to resynthesis ATP. The ATP/PC also known as the alactic system has a duration of 3-10 seconds during high intensity activities. It takes place in the sarcoplasm of the muscle cell and produces 1ATP molecule with aid of the enzyme Creatine Kinase. This is why in activities such as the 100m sprint it is predominant as it is a short duration with high intensity. The Lactic acid system uses glucose as the energy source to produce ATP from ADT and Pi, through various processes (phosphorlation dehydration and cleavage). The whole system provides 2ATP molecules with the aid of the enzyme PFK, this system also takes place in the sacroplasm of the muscle cell. This system has a maximum duration of 3 minutes, as during this process pyruvate is produced eventually leading to a build up of lactic acid. Therefore this system is most predominant during activities such as the 1500m running. During the higher intensisty exercise, lactate production will start to accumulate above resting levels and this is termed the ‘lactate threshold’. When blood lactate levels reach 4mmol/l the exercise intensity is referred to as ‘ the onset of blood lactate accumulation’ (OBLA). At this point the production of lactate has exceeded the removal rate. OBLA will continue to increase if exercise intensity remains the same/ increases eventually causing muscle fatigue. During these 2 systems it is important to allow recovery time. This is because if OBLA is exceeded. The acidity of the blood rises. This will cause efficiency of enzymes to decrease and may even cause them to denature. If this were to occur there would be a decrease in break down of energy stores and rate at which the enzymes used of the resysnthes of ATP would also slow down. This would lead to a lack of energy and in turn lead to muscle fatigue. Enzyme control is therefore important as a decrease in blood pH leads to a decrease in performance due to the inhibition of enzymes. To uses these energy systems require the uses of carbohydrates as their food fuel. As a result lack of carbohydrate stores will lead to earlier on set of fatigue therefore decreasing the duration of time that you can continue to work at a high intensity. Training is used to delay the onset of OBLA; therefore the fitter you are the later the onset of fatigue. This will therefore enable you to train harder for longer. When considering medium to low intensity activities with long duration such as marathon running, we say the exercise intensity is aerobic as it is done in the presence of oxygen. The predominant energy system will be aerobic system. This system has three sub systems; Aerobic glycolisis, kerb cycle and electron transport chain. Glycolisis involves the phosphoration of glucose (which comes from carbohydrate stores) which makes the its more reactive. The phosphate molecules come from the conversion of ATP to ADP. During the 7 steps with in glycolisis a total of 2 ATP molecules we used and 4 produced with pyruvate as the by-product. During the kerb cycle Co enzyme A is used to stimulate the reaction between the reaction pyruvate to produce 2ATP molecules and the by-products carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This reaction takes place in the matrix of the cell. Finally the electron transport chain which uses the enzyme ATPsynthase. In the respiratory chain the hydrogen atoms from NADH gradually release all their energy to form ATP. In total the aerobic system produces 34molecules of ATP and has a duration of grater than 3 mins. This is the type of system that would be used for marathon running. When exercise intensity reaches a point that anaerobic energy systems cannot supply energy quick enough, it has to use the lactic acid system to continue to provide energy for the resysnthesis of ATP. During the aerobic system availability of oxygen need to be high otherwise the performer will not bale to maintain the same intensity for a long duration. Many athletes train at altitude for endurance events. This is because altitude training allows the body to naturally increase the number of red blood cells available in the blood. It must do this in order to supply working muscles with enough oxygen as the percentage of oxygen in the air at altitude is lower. This adaption will remain when returning to sea level. For this system to work efficiently it requires the both carbohydrate stores and fat stores. Carbohydrates are used first as they are easier to use. However with training your, you can make your body use fat stores earlier. This will have an advantage for long distance and endurance athletes as it allows them to train for a longer duration of time. Enzyme control should remain constant as there is little production of lactic acid as the Aerobic energy system is predomaniant. In conclusion there is never a point at which one energy system is being used, only points where on is more prominent than another. The energy continuum shows how the ratio of energy systems in use can vary between activates. It is also important to remember that energy system can only work efficiently if the have the correct availability to oxygen, the correct food stores, energy control is maintained and good fitness levels are maintained.

This Is America A Music Video of Americas Current State Professor Ramos Blog

This Is America A Music Video of Americas Current State Victor Cisneros English 102 June 30, 2019 In order too fully grasp Donald Glover or other known as Childish Gambino’s latest song â€Å"This Is America†, you will have to watch the music video more than once. As Jacques Morel describes as â€Å"in searching for more symbolism, you might miss a major part the lyrics†. This song was released on May 6th, 2018, produced by Ludwig Gà ¶ransson and Childish Gambino. The director for this music video was none other than Hiro Murai, who is a Japanese filmmaker based in Los Angeles, who also won a third-party award for â€Å"Best Director† for filming Gambino’s â€Å"This Is America†. This music video is very special to our society because when you first watch it you realize how powerful it actually is. Then not until you’ve watched it and listen very closely to the lyrics do you realize this is a historic event. The music video is dropping political and cultural turmoil, Gambino appears to be a commentator within the video itself spea king towards black life in America and American culture as a whole. Gambino’s perspective on popular culture’s perception of black experience and â€Å"often brutal reality by juxtaposing happy, carefree choruses and dark, aggressive verses† (Morel). In the very first scene of â€Å"This Is America† Gambino is wearing old confederate overalls and stands in a Jim Crow Law posture after shooting a male black man in the head for simply playing the guitar. Symbolizing that in America if you’re black you can be perfectly fine one minute, the next you’re being gunned downed for no apparent reason. When Gambino posed in a Jim Crow Law posture this is a reference in minstrel shows in the late ’80s and 1900 (Genius). The reference is this when white male actors would perform in blackface and would act out black stereotypes. I believe here in this segment Gambino is trying to argue that in today’s world white Americans are still in a way wearing that blackface. When a white male gets gunned down by office rs they will typically put on that so-called â€Å"blackface† and try to play their role as when innocent black males are killed by officers of the law and nothing is done about it. This was very captivating for viewers because so much is going on throughout the video the only possible way to inhale everything that is being shown to you. The only way to fully grasp this concept is if you go frame by frame and see everything that is being portrayed thought out the video. Throughout the music video, there is so many cultural viral messages and dances going on throughout all the chaos, which was intended by Choreographer Sherrie Silver. Silver intentionally put these dances in the music video to distract the viewer of the violence and madness going on around Gambino. Which symbolizes violence in America that within that violence we try and brush it underneath the rug with a viral dance or something that is going viral at the time to distract us from what’s actually going on. Genius interviewed Silver and she had this to say about the choreographed scene of Gambino dancing just after being fired at by police officers. Silver says. â€Å"This is what it’s like, Gambino’s video seems to say, to be black in America- at any given time, by vulnerable to joy or to destruction†. Which is rightfully so, because this is truly what we see on television. A young boy minding his business walking home then the next. Gone. Because someone thought he was â€Å"suspicious looking†. On one specific dance Silver wanted to implement within the music video was the â€Å"Gwara Gwara† which originated in South Africa. This particular dance shows the racisms in America and South Africa apartheid. Silver tells Genius that these dances were targeted to specify â€Å"a method of survival toward black culture and that America has a tendency to applaud for black culture and cruelty while turning their backs to the issues they face†. Whether the dancing is to numb the pain, gain followers on social media, or simply survive Gambino’s movements are a literal and figurative distraction from the chaos behind him. The gun violence within this music video is very much an explicit take on gun violence in America. The elements of the video that shock you aren’t just the viral dances and stereotypic movements. But the gun shootings throughout the entire music video. The murders are indicators of modern-day American gun violence. The second verse â€Å"Get your money, Black man. This is America Dont catch you slippin now Dont catch you slippin now† (Genius). These lyrics are being performed by a church choir as soon as they stop singing, Gambino’s character shoots them all down. It is impossible to not be drawn to parallels with the Charleston Church shootings which were found to be racially motivated (Morel). Charleston church was a mass shooting who was initiated by Dylann Roof, 21-year-old wh ite supremacists. He murdered nine â€Å"African Americans during a prayer service at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in downtown Charleston, South Carolina, June 17, 2015† (Morel). After each shooting scene was down Gambino handles each gun after each shooting exactly the same. Wrapping it in red cloth with care. Symbolizing how Red America values guns over human lives. â€Å"And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and the name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him† (Revelation 6:8). This exact text from the Bible was implemented into the music video. Gambino is not only taking political aspects, gun violence, society events, but goes even further to throw biblical symbolism into the video. In one scene Gambino is dancing with a group of children and for a few seconds in the background appears a pale horse with a rider dressed in all black as a police car followed. Interpreted by the bible this particular event is symbolizing the upcoming of the apocalypse. A pale horse with a rider clothed in all black symbolizing Death. The police car following the rider is symbolizing Hell. This scene, in particular, is overall symbolizing Gambino’s audience is simple. He is targeting all Americans, to let us visually understand that these events in our era right now that are still going on and need to be dealt with but really aren’t being dealt with. This music video uses all three of Aristotle’s Rhetorical Triangle, hitting the viewer with Pathos when Gambino shows them the imagery of the shootings throughout the music video and impactful stories about shootings throughout the last decade. Following close by with the Logos of the music video which is having the cold hard evidence to back up the Pathos influences. Lastly, Gambino’s main intention seems to be Ethos. Meaning the reputation that America has on these sorts of events and problems throughout society. America tends to brush these life-changing events underneath the rug. Gambino understands this and is trying to show the world with this music video that these things are very still happening. America’s reputation and pride ar e too high to even address it nationally which is why we are always keeping these tragic events from ever blowing up nationally. We hear of them in the news and we tell ourselves â€Å"wow that’s so sad†, but what is actually being done besides the â€Å"Black Lives Matter† movement. Overall Gambino’s message is our own interpretation because in an interview with Genius when asked about the music videos meaning, he flat out refused to discuss the music video at all. We know the Logos and Ethos he is using throughout the music video which tells us this is his very own interpretation of America, but it’s getting worse. Work Cited Morel, Jacques. â€Å"Childish Gambino – This Is America.† Genius, 6 May 2018, genius.com/Childish-gambino-this-is-america-lyrics. â€Å"Childish Gambino Collaborator Ludwig Gà ¶ransson Says ‘This Is America’ Took Two Years To Finish.† Genius, genius.com/a/childish-gambino-collaborator-ludwig-goransson-says-this-is-america-took-two-years-to-finish. THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW STANDARD VERSION. Bible. Oxf. U. Childish Gambino posing in a Jim Craw Law POSTURE. And wearing old Confederate overalls. This scene symbolized the Charleston Church shooting. The White Pale Horse while Death Rides on his back symboling the upcoming of the Apocalypse and refrences to the Bible.

Taliesin West - Organic Design in a Desert Garden

Taliesin West - Organic Design in a Desert Garden Taliesin West  began not as a grand scheme, but a simple need. Frank Lloyd Wright and his apprentices had traveled a long distance from his Taliesin school in Spring Green, Wisconsin to build a resort hotel in Chandler, Arizona. Because they were far from home, they set up camp on a stretch of the Sonoran Desert near the construction site outside of Scottsdale. Wright fell in love with the desert. He wrote in 1935 that the desert was a grand garden, with its rim of arid mountains spotted like the leopards skin or tattooed with amazing patterns of creation. Its sheer beauty of space and pattern does not exist, I think, in the world, Wright proclaimed. This great desert garden is Arizonas chief asset. Building Taliesin West The early encampment at Taliesin West contained little more than temporary shelters made of wood and canvas. However, Frank Lloyd Wright was inspired by the dramatic, rugged landscape. He envisioned an elaborate complex of buildings that would embody his concept of organic architecture. He wanted the buildings to evolve from and blend with the environment. In 1937, the desert school known as Taliesin West was launched. Following in the tradition of Taliesin in Wisconsin, Wrights apprentices studied, worked, and lived in shelters they crafted using materials native to the land. Taliesin is a Welsh word meaning shining brow. Both of Wrights Taliesin homesteads hug the contours of the earth like a shining brow on the hilly landscape. Organic Design at Taliesin West Architectural historian G. E. Kidder Smith reminds us that Wright taught his students to design in kinship with the environment, admonishing students, for instance, not to build on top of a hill in dominance, but beside it in partnership. This is the essence of organic architecture. Lugging stone and sand, the students constructed buildings that seemed to grow from the earth and the McDowell Mountains. Wood and steel beams supported translucent canvas roofs. Natural stone combined with glass and plastic to create surprising shapes and textures. Interior space flowed naturally into the open desert. For awhile, Taliesin West was a retreat from the harsh Wisconsin winters. Eventually, air conditioning was added and students stayed through the fall and spring. Taliesin West Today At Taliesin West, the desert is never still. Over the years, Wright and his students made many changes, and the school continues to evolve. Today, the 600 acre complex includes a drafting studio, Wrights former architectural office and living quarters, a dining room and kitchen, several theaters, housing for apprentices and staff, a student workshop, and expansive grounds with pools, terraces and gardens. Experimental structures built by apprentice architects dot the landscape. Taliesin West is home of the Frank Lloyd Wright School of Architecture, whose alumni become Taliesin Fellows. Taliesin West is also the headquarters of the FLW Foundation, a powerful overseer of Wrights properties, mission, and legacy. In 1973 the American Institute of Architects (AIA) gave the property its Twenty-five Year Award. On its fiftieth anniversary in 1987, Taliesin West won special recognition from the U.S. House of Representatives, which called the complex the highest achievement in American artistic and architectural expression. According to the American Institute of Architects (AIA), Taliesin West is one of 17 buildings in the United States that exemplify Wrights contribution to American architecture. Next to Wisconsin, gathering of the waters, Wright has written, Arizona, arid zone, is my favorite State. Each very different from the other, but something individual in them both not to be found elsewhere. Sources Frank Lloyd Wright On Architecture: Selected Writings (1894-1940), Frederick Gutheim, ed., Grossets Universal Library, 1941, pp. 197, 159Source Book of American Architecture by G. E. Kidder Smith, Princeton Architectural Press, 1996, p. 390The Future of Architecture by Frank Lloyd Wright, New American Library, Horizon Press, 1953, p. 21